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Stainless steel is an alloy that starts with basic iron with up to 8 alloys added, depending on the quality.
Stainless steel must contain at least 10.5 % chromium.
It is this element that reacts with the oxygen in the air to form a complex chrome-oxide surface layer that is invisible but strong enough to prevent further oxygen from "staining" (rusting) the surface.
Higher levels of chromium and the addition of other alloying elements such as nickel and molybdenum enhance this surface layer and improve the corrosion resistance of the stainless material.
The first number is the amount of chromium that is contained in the stainless, i.e., 18 is 18% chromium.
The second number is the amount of nickel, i.e., 8 stands for 8% nickel.
So 18/8 means that this stainless steel contains 18% chromium and 8% nickel.
18/10 is 18% chromium and 10% nickel. The higher the numbers the more corrosion resistant the material.
18/0 is a misleading designation due the fact there is no nickel in 18/0.
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