Whether you are just adding or upgrading computer components in the one you have,

 
want to buy a ready-made computer, or decide to build your own, you need to know about the parts, and what options you have.

This detailed computer parts list will show you what’s required, what’s recommended, and what’s optional.

For a more comprehensive idea of what you need and why, start here:

Required Computer Parts:
You literally cannot build a computer, and use it, without these parts, so make sure you get them.

You can also get kits to build a computer where some of these parts are already included. If you buy a kit, double check the list of parts included, so you know what other items you still need to get:

Computer Case.
Power Supply
Motherboard
Processor (CPU) with heatsink/fan
RAM
Hard drive
Graphics/Video Card
PCI Cards
USB slots
CD Drive
Monitor
Mouse
Keyboard
Operating System for computer
Computer tools or tool kit
Extra connectors/screws
IDE cables

Recommended Computer Parts:

These components aren’t required, but are highly recommended so you can fully enjoy your new home-built computer for a long time:

Antistatic wrist band or floor mat
Computer tool kit
Ethernet Card a/k/a Network Interface Card
Audio / Sound Card
Speakers
Power protection - surge protectors
Modem
Zip Drive, Flash Memory or other storage / backup device
Printer
Protective software for virus protection and enhanced security

Optional Computer Parts & Accessories:

These items are optional components and accessories; they can double the fun, and sometimes the life, of your new computer … do consider them if you want to expand your horizons!

Floppy Drive
Extra Cooling Fans
DVD Drive
Headphones
Scanner
WebCam
Digital Camera with Photo Printer
PDA (personal digital assistant facts)
FireWire/i.Link