Many people incorrectly think of satin as a type of fibre when in fact it is a weave structure.  Satin achieves its shine through a series of float threads in the warp. It is constructed by floating the warp (lengthwise thread) over four weft threads (horizontal threads).  It is most often made from low twist yarns.

Satin fabrics range from soft, drapeable ones to heavy stiff ones.  Some have a very high sheen, while others have a dull lustre.  Satin was originally made of silk, but today is usually made of manmade fibres such as rayon, acetate, and polyester. 

Descriptions of different types of satins:

Antique satin has a dull back and lustrous face. It is created by using slub yarn for the weft threads.

Baronet satin is a high lustre satin which has a rayon warp and cotton weft.

Charmeause is a very soft lightweight satin with a dull back.

Cire is a stiff waxed finish satin with a smooth lustrous finish.

Crepe-backed satin is a reversible fabric with a satin face and crepe back. Highly twisted thread is used for the weft.

Double-faced satins are satin on both sides of the fabric.

Duchesse satin is very heavy and stiff.  It is a high thread count fabric.  This satin is often used in wedding gowns as it gives a dress body without a lot of weight.

Messaline is a lightweight, loosely woven satin.

Panne satin has a very lustrous stiff face.

Peau de soie is a medium wieght satin with a dull finish. 

Sateen is a dull-lustre fabric with filling instead of warp floats.

Slipper satin is a stiff meadium to heavyweight satin used mainly for footwear.