Pearls fit into two categories: freshwater and saltwater. As their name implies, freshwater pearls are formed in freshwater mussels that live in lakes, rivers, ponds and other bodies of fresh water. Most freshwater cultured pearls sold today come from China. By contrast, saltwater pearls grow in oysters that live in the ocean, usually in protected lagoons. Akoya, South Sea and Tahitian are the three main types of saltwater pearls.

Pearls are often white, but come naturally in nearly every color. Pearls are often dyed yellow, green, blue, brown, purple, or black. The current craze for colorful, unusally shaped freshwater pearls has made pearls popular with a whole new demograpic. Pearls are no longer your grandmother's gem.

Caring for Pearls:

Pearls are very soft (softer than all other gems) and must be handled with care. They should be wiped with a soft cloth after they have been worn. Body oil, makeup, hair spray and perfume can spot or mar the surface. Use mild soapy water to clean pearls, but if you care for them after each wearing you probably won't need to do this. Do not use cleaning solvents or put them in an ultrasonic cleaner. Store pearls in a soft cloth or pouch. When getting dressed, put on your clothing, do your hair and makeup, then put your pearls on last. Hair spray is especially damaging to pearls so never spary your hair once you have put your pearls on.

Understanding Pearl Grades:

AA-Grade—Pearls exhibit an excellent surface with no visible blemishes. Their lustre is high, giving the pearl depth.

A-Grade—Pearl surfaces show a few insignificant blemishes. Their lustre is good, exhibiting some depth.

A/B-Grade—Surface blemishes are seen easily. The pearl’s lustre is moderate. This grade, though not perfect, is quite beautiful and offers the most economical value.