Cubic Zirconia - CZ..

Cubic zirconia (or CZ) is  a mineral that is extremely rare in nature but is widely synthesized for use as a diamond simulant. The synthesized material is hard, optically flawless and usually colorless, but may be made in a variety of different colors. It should not be confused with zircon.

Cubic zirconia is so optically close to diamond that only a trained eye can easily differentiate the two. There are two key features of CZ, which distinguish it from diamond:

• Flaws - Contemporary production of cubic zirconia is virtually flawless, whereas most diamonds have some sort of defect, be it a feather, included crystal, or perhaps a remnant of an original crystal face.
• Cut - Under close inspection with a loupe, the facet shapes of some CZs appear different from diamonds.
• Color - The lack of color - Only the rarest of diamonds are truly colorless, most having a tinge of yellow or brown to some extent. By comparison, CZ can be made in most cases entirely colorless the equivalent to a perfect "D" on diamond's color grading scale.

Because of its low cost, durability, and close visual likeness to diamond, cubic zirconia has remained the most gemologically and economically important diamond simulant since 1976. Its main competition as a synthetic gemstone is the more recently cultivated material synthetic moissanite. As a jewel used in jewelry, silicon carbide is called Moissanite (named for the discoverer Dr. Henri Moissan).

Moissanite..

Moissanite is somewhat similar to diamond in several important ways: it is transparent and hard  and moissanite is somewhat harder than common cubic zirconia. In 1998, Charles and Colvard introduced jewelry-quality synthetic silicon carbide onto the market under the name "moissanite", marketing it as a lower-cost alternative to diamond.

For example, a 1 carat (200 mg) moissanite gem sells for about $600 (2007 USD), while a diamond of similar size and color typically sells for $4500 or more. Some jewlers misidentified moissanite as diamond as moissanite's thermal conductivity is close to that of a diamond, rendering the older thermal testers that they relied upon useless.

Once its properties are known, moissanite is easy to distinguish from diamond, as it is has a slight green tint to it that becomes more noticeable with increasing gem sizes.

Synthetic Gems - Lab Created - Coated and Treated Gemstones...

Buying gemstones online can be exciting and akin to a Treasure Hunt! However, how to distinquish between a synthetic and natural gemstone is part of the detective work Treasure Hunters have to take into consideration before clicking on the "Buy it Now" or "Place Bid" button.

This Quick Reference Guide will assist you in what too look for in purchasing gemstones.  First, if the description states the gem is "lab created" there's not much guesswork involved. If what you're looking for is a Lab Created Gemstone and the description states "Lab Created" then you know what you're buying.

However, sometimes you really have to read the description (line by line) in order to truly know if a gem is Lab Created. Read the description carefully as the words "Lab Created" may be present however, if the description of the item is extremely long, you might just miss the words "Lab Created".

Remember that some lab created gemstones can cost the same (if not more) than a genuine gemstone!

Lab Created gemstones are exactly what they are (created "grown" in a lab). They usually can come out absolutely clean without any inclusions or fractures. In other words, they're usually absolutelty perfect (something Mother Nature rarely creates).

The gem will test as a real gem! In other words, gems such as sapphires, rubies, emeralds and spinels will test as their natural counterparts!  However, there are a few signs, which will tell you if what you purchased is the real thing. 

Look at the gem with a 10x's loupe and if you see bubbles and/or their are numerous bubbles, the gem will have a cloudy appearance. If you don't own a loupe bring the gem to a local jeweler and just ask them to look at the gem under a 10x's loupe (no need to invest money in an appraisal, which may cost more than the gem itself!)

If you purchase gems in large quantities and/or are a collector of gems, invest in a 10x's loupe!

Many consumers ask "what is a doublet?" A doublet is creatd by combining the crown (upper part of the gem) with the lower part of a natural gem. It's basically created by using part of the a natural gemstone (usually of inferior quality), a substitute stone, colored paste or glass.  Think of two stones in one (one real and the other a substitute material to create one gem). It's one layer on top of another.

A triplet on the other hand combines three layers. Two layers of a poor quality gemstone with a layer of paste in the middle (think of an Oreo cookie and you'll get the idea). The paste usually contains lead and is very soft and eventually the stone will lose its color and brilliance.

Semi Precious & Precious Gemstones...

What is a the difference betwee Semi Precious and Precious Gemstones? Precious gemstones fall into a small group. The precious stone group would include Diamond, Ruby, Sapphire and Emerald (to mention the few major precious gems).

The main Semi Precious Gemstone Group would include; Topaz, Garnet, Aquamarine, Tourmaline, Quartz, Zircon, Opal, Moonstone (just to mention a few - the list is rather long).  Organic Gems include Pearl, Amber and Coral and are viewed as "precious".

Price Swings in Gemstones...

Price is determined by a number of factors. The first would be color. The more vivid the color, the more the gem will be valued. Gems are cut to maximize their brilliance and as such, the better the cut, the higher the price. If there are many inclusions in the gem, the Clarity of the gem will be affected and the price will drop.  

The carat weight will also determine the price of the gem. The larger the gemstone (in carat weight) the higher price. If you're buying a gem, which displays a vivid color, fantastic cut, superior clarity and a large carat weight, expect to pay more.

If the gem color is of good quality and the gem has some inclusions (cutting down on the clarity) and the cut is mediocre, expect to pay less. However, remember that if it's a mediocre gem, the price may still high due to the sheer size of the gem. Buy 5 carats of anything and expect to a pay premium due to size alone.

Calibrated Gemstones...

What exactly is a Calibrated Gemstone? Calibrated gemstones are cut in a variety of shapes and sizes. A Calibrated Gemstone is cut to specific dimensions so that they are able to fit in jewelry settings.

Popular gemstone cuts are round, emerald, princess, trillion, pear, heart, oval and marquise.

If you purchase a gemstone, which has not been Calibrated, you might find it difficult to set and/or may be required to have the gem re-cut to be set. Any gemstone, which is Calibrated - is ready to set!

Buying a Gemstone...

What to look for in a gemstone when purchasing one - is your budget! What can you afford? What you can afford will determine what you can buy! Once you have settled on a specific gemstone, you should then scout out a "like counterpart" in the same color zone to see if you can save money. If you really want to buy an emerald but can't afford the price of an emerald, look for a dark Green Tourmaline. No one will know the difference but you and a qualified jeweler!

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