You know, there are times when I'd just
    love to look like some of my Country & Western  clients. But the fact
    of the matter is that no mater how hard I try, I can't. I simply don't look
    good in a cowboy hat and if I try and wear one anyway, it looks ridiculous.
    We'll its the same way with cosmetics. Each of us is born with specific
    features, a specific skin color and a specific "look" that is the product of a
    hundred different things like size, weight, bone structure and other aspects of
    life that we have no control over. My job with my clients is to understand what
    I have to work with and then enhance those features in them to bring out the
    best in them. Your job is the same with your own face and selecting the right
    foundation begins the process.

A successful makeup application starts
    with a foundation that blends into and merges with your skin. But, there are
    pitfalls with every form of cosmetic and foundations are no exception. First
    and foremost, if you're lightly complected, you can't use a darker foundation
    to give you the color you need. So many people try this and it simply doesn't
    work. You must select a foundation color that so closely matches your skin that
    the edges can be feathered in to disappear into your natural skin with no
    perceptible line and then use it in moderation. Also, good coverage doesn't
    mean obvious coverage. Too thick is too much whether is due to simply applying
    too much foundation or not having the time to fully work it because it dries
    too quickly. Select the appropriate foundation based on the information below
    and then refer to Foundation Application Techniques to help you apply it.

The vast majority of individuals, men or women, have
    natural skin tones that run from ivory to ebony with beige, tan and darker
    brown in between. And while there is usually a very slight yellow undertone to
    the skin, you'll never find any oranges or pinks in there no matter what the
    cosmetics counter person in the nice, white lab coat tells you. The skin tones
    of Indian, not American Indian but East Indian people, may have an ash
    undertone while Polynesian, South American and some African Americans will have
    a reddish tone to their complexion. So, consider honestly what skin tone you
    have, decide what skin type you have (oily, dry or combination) and then select
    your foundation based upon how much coverage you think you need. After that,
    the application should follow the "Less is More" philosophy; the less
    foundation, the better results. And finally make certain to feather the edges
    into your natural skin.

 Let's start at one end and work our way to the other.

Oil-Free and Matte Liquid Foundations
    will almost always have a have a silky finish with no shine to their appearance.
    Typically lasting for at least a few hours, their longevity depends on how oily
    your skin is. These foundations provide the skin with a sheer to medium
    coverage and thus is most easily blended into your natural skin at the edges.
    These foundations are best for individuals looking for balanced coverage with
    little or no shine and a matte or dull surface. They last much longer on oily
    skin or over oily areas than most other foundations.

Ultra-Matte Foundations
    are a new group of medium to full coverage products that cater to the active
    lifestyle individual, people with naturally oily skin, people who live in Florida,
    south Texas and other humid areas and people who tend to feel their makeup
    is "slipping" or disappearing during the day. These foundations will outlast any
    other foundation on the market today, are easy to apply and will provide a dull
    or matte look for people looking for that type of foundation. As you might
    imagine, these foundations are great for my stars that have to endure hours
    under the hot lights and the perspiration that comes from a high-energy show.
    And that's where the downside comes in. Ultra-mattes tend to dry very quickly
    and thus, if you're not good with the applicator, they can tend to go on heavy
    resulting in a mask-like appearance. Next, ultra-mattes have a tendency to
    "grab" onto blushes and eye eye eye shadows making blending and correction
    difficult. Finally, I've discovered that dark skin has a tendency to look ashen
    and grayish with this type of foundation so I don't usually use it on actors
    and actresses of color. If you've got oily skin, this is the foundation for you
    but you have to be committed to working with it to get the right results.

Oil-Based Foundations
    have oil as their first ingredient, as you might expect. They look, feel
    and go on greasy and thick but, because of their consistency, can blend out
   quite nicely to a sheer texture. Because they're oil-based, they can be very good
  for individuals with extremely dry or wrinkled skin as the emollients help the skin
    look moist which minimizes the appearance of wrinkles. The down side, however,
    is that oil-based foundations are VERY greasy and thick and can look that way
    on the skin unless you're really experienced at blending. While they typically
    provide medium to full coverage, they also have a tendency to turn orange after
    wearing them for awhile because the extra oil in them affects the pigments in
    the foundation causing them to oxidize. Also, the oil, in this type of
    foundation grabs the talc in face powder, blushes and eye shadows and the face
    can appear coated with heavy makeup. In short, this type of foundation is great
    for dry skin and you should use cream blushes over this type of foundation.

Pressed Powder-Based Foundations
    look, feel and perform much like any pressed powder only with more coverage and
    they have ability to stay put providing light to medium coverage. They blend on
    as easily as any pressed powder does and are wonderful for individuals with
    normal to oily or combination skin. In addition to going on easily, they last
    all day, don't change color and are light on the skin. As such, pressed powders
    are really best for those who want a minimal feel and polished appearance from
    their foundation. They also work very well over sunscreens and can help take
    down the shine some sunscreen ingredients can leave on the skin. The down side
    is that people with dry skin should avoid powders and they tend to make dry
    skin look dryer and flaky. On the other end of the spectrum, individuals with
    very oily skin might want to avoid them because powder-based foundations
    can appear thickened and blotchy as oil re-surfaces on the face during the day.

Cream-to-Powder Foundations
    are new and an interesting cross between a pressed powder and
    a creamy liquid foundation. They have a very creamy, almost oily appearance
    but when you blend them on, the creamy aspect disappears and you're left with a
    slightly matte, powdery finish. Cream-to-powder foundations provide a much
    broader range of coverage than pressed powder?based foundations and blend
    on quickly and easily. They work well for someone with normal to slightly dry
    or combination skin and this type of foundation doesn't require powder after
    you apply it. However, should you wish to use powder, apply it as lightly as
    possible to avoid a caked look. So what's the down side? Well, cream-to-powder
    foundations can blend on slightly thick and don't work well for individuals
    with oily skin because the cream components can make skin look more oily. Also,
    they don't work well for really dry skin because the powder element can be too
    powdery looking and cause more dryness. In short, they're best for normal skin
    types.

Liquid-to-Powder Foundations
    have a gel-like wet feel right out of the bottle, apply easily and dry to a
     smooth, slightly matte finish. Typically they have water as the first ingredient
    together with a slip agent such as glycerin. Unlike cream-to-powder
    foundations, liquid-to-powder foundations feel lighter on the skin and last
    longer over combination or oily skins. Liquid-to-powder foundations go on
    quickly and easily providing a semi-matte to matte finish with sheer to medium
    coverage. They work great for individuals with normal to oily or slightly
    combination skin and their consistency doesn't require powdering after you
    apply it. The down side is that unless you're good with makeup,
    liquid-to-powder foundations dry quickly and can be hard to blend. They don't
    work well over dry skin because the water portion tends to cling to dry areas
    leaving a powdery finish that's not easily moved. Finally, if not tightly
    closed after each use, the product dries out as the the water will evaporate.
    

Stick Foundations
    are essentially cream-to-powder foundations in stick form with the main
    differences being that stick foundations 1) come in formulas that range from full
    to sheer coverage with either matte or creamy coverage, 2) employ as an ingredient
    sunscreens making them great all-in-one options 3) can do double duty as
    concealer and 4) come in a wide variety of shades and colors easily matching
    your natural color and skin tone.

Sheer Foundations and Tinted Moisturizers
    have hit the market filling a nich need in casual application.
    These "Vacation" products provide coverage that?s so sheer, it is
    barely noticeable so they're popular as a weekend makeup for people with
    normal to dry or slightly oily skin that doesn't need significant coverage. So,
    for people with normal to slightly dry skin, these products, many with
    integrated sunscreen, can serve as their sole morning makeup product. They're
    extremely easy to choose because the shades are so sheer, getting the color
    right is not as important as with other materials. As for color, these products
    are a great way to add a touch of color to pale skin and their sheerness
    prevents a slightly dark or tan-toned shade from looking wrong. Beware, though,
    because the market for these products is extremely small, restricted to those
    people with almost flawless skin. People with skin discolorations or
    birthmarks, broken capillaries, damage due to acne, Rosaceae or dark circles
    under the eyes will find these products insufficient for their needs. Further,
    individuals with oily skin should shy away from these products.

Self-Adjusting Foundations
    These new products are a great idea but, the fact of the matter is
   that, in my humble opinion, they're simply that...a great idea. These
    products supposedly claim to stop or control oil production and moisture loss.
    No one I know has ever seen this happen but hey, wouldn't it be great if it
    actually worked. As we looked at in Skin 101, oil is a natural product of the
    body and when it comes to the surface through the sebaceous gland, is carrying
    10% of the toxins out of the body. As to controlling moisture loss, given what
    we know about skin, somebody please tell me how this is possible

Finally, there's Custom-Blended Foundations
    which is a foundation that's made for you and only you.
    What a Great Idea!!! I mean, here I am telling you that you need to match your
    skin color as closely as possible to avoid perceptible "edges" and you can't
    use color to make your natural skin darker and now, voila!, here come custom
    blends. This is great! Unfortunately, though, it doesn't work. The biggest
    issue is that the success of the blend depends on the ability of the blender
    and there simply aren't that many independent blenders out there. Most of them,
    it they're that good, are working for the Big 5. The second largest issue is
    that skin is always changing; color, texture, everything. The third is the fact
    that what works on oily skin doesn't work on dry skin and, as we discovered a
    while ago, the average face is a combination of dry and oily skin. And finally
    the fourth is that as nice as custom-blended sounds, the formulations are not
    always better than or in many cases equal to off-the-shelf products. But that's
    not to say blending can't be successful at all. So when should you consider it?
    In two instances. One is in my world of million-dollar faces. I have to
    custom-blend all the time but only because the camera lens sees everything. Two
    is when you're one of the small percentage of people out there that are
    frustrated with the choices and nothing seems to work. When this happens, take
    the foundations you've tried that came close to matching your skin to
    Prescriptives (I know, another shameless ploy but actually they don't pay me
    anything either; they're just the best at custom cosmetics). Having samples of
    what didn't work and what came close to matching your skin helps the
    Prescriptives professional match you color. For the rest of us, there are far
    too many colors out there to choose from not to find a color that works.

So, for foundations, the bottom line is
    blending and color. Find the right composition for your particular type of skin
    and then match the color as closely as you possibly can. From that point on,
    it's all about applicators and technique.

Here are some pointers to remember in your search for the right color foundation.

      Less is best.  

      Foundation should match the skin exactly so there are no lines of demarcation.

      Concealer should be only a shade or two lighter than the foundation.

      Powder should match the foundation exactly or go on translucent so as not to affect the color of the foundation.

To create a tanned appearance, use golden brown and chestnut shades for your blush, eyeshadows, contour, and lipstick, but do not, under any circumstances, apply a foundation or bronzer all over the face if it leaves a line of demarcation at the jaw or hairline.
    

As to techniques, in the coming weeks
    and months I'll be illustrating some of the techniques I use to get the results
    my clients need. As to applicators, don't skimp. There are great sponges,
    brushes and other tools available from everywhere you can possibly think of
    including Studio Direct Cosmetics and there are cheap imitations as well. In the
    end, no matter how much you spend on cosmetics, the end result is always
    governed by the tools you use so don't skimp